The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the liability of legal entities in the Russian Federation. The theoretical foundations of liability, regulatory framework, and the main types of liability – civil, administrative, and tax liability – are examined, as well as the specifics of indirect criminal-legal impact and liability within the framework of bankruptcy procedures. Special attention is paid to judicial practice and current problems of law enforcement. The paper presents conclusions regarding the trends in the development of the institution of liability of legal entities in modern Russia.

The state civil service is a crucial state institution through which state power is exercised. It is a complex, multi-faceted, and functionally broad mechanism within the state governance system. Its primary objective is to ensure the effective functioning of society through the execution of state functions. To achieve this goal, a state administrative apparatus has been established and operates in Russia, with state civil servants constituting its core element. A critical factor in the effectiveness of this apparatus is ensuring it is staffed by highly qualified personnel. Success in this area depends on professional training and advanced professional development for staff, as well as the establishment of requirements for civil servants that align with modern realities and the demands of Russian society. This article analyzes the legal framework governing the status of state civil servants, along with the principles underlying its formation and implementation. The study employs a range of general and specific research methods, including formal-legal, logical, comparative-legal, and system-structural approaches, as well as analysis, synthesis, generalization, and dialectical methods. The research draws upon current legislation at both federal and regional levels, as well as judicial acts.

The article presents a comprehensive criminal-legal analysis of the corpus delicti under Article 151.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The author examines the objective and subjective elements of this act and discusses controversial qualification issues arising in law enforcement practice due to the evaluative nature of a number of elements. Special attention is paid to the problem of distinguishing the involvement of a minor in committing life-threatening actions from related offenses (Articles 110, 110.2, 150, 151 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). Based on the analysis of doctrinal sources and materials of judicial practice, proposals are formulated for improving criminal legislation and the practice of its application.

The article examines the gap between the statutory endorsement of inclusive education and its practical implementation in mainstream schools with regard to children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Drawing on the minutes of a teachers’ council at Secondary School No. 21 in Elista and relevant professional literature, the author argues that the proclaimed unity of the educational environment results in a shortage of specialized resources. The paper advances the thesis that inclusive and correctional education must enjoy institutional parity, with clearly defined boundaries of application.

The article examines the status of the judicial authorities as an independent branch of state power and their role in the system of checks and balances within the separation of powers. It is noted that the judiciary not only administers justice but also exercises legal control over the executive and legislative branches of power, restraining them within the framework of constitutional legality. Some features of the judiciary are analysed: its independence, exclusivity (only courts have the right to administer justice), and the procedural nature of its activities. The conclusion is drawn about the important role of the judiciary in ensuring the rule of law and protecting citizens’ rights.